讲座通知：What is a campus ?

时间：3月13日（本周四）下午 2:00～4:00

地点：理科大楼A508

主讲人：Yves WINKIN 教授  简历（点击下载） 

Title : «What is a campus ? Many shapes, and as many visions of higher education:
an international comparison.

Lecture by Professor Yves WINKIN at ECNU, March 2008

讲座提纲：

      As a recent issue of «Science» aptly stressed, the urbanization of the world is probably
the key issue of the early 21th cy. University campuses are a major element of urban
development in many countries. They ought to be discussed seriously.
      What is actually a campus ? Is it only a matter of academic facilities (classrooms, laboratories,
libraries, administrative buildings and the likeà ? Do they need to be located
on some bounded territory ? What is the role of residential and eating facilities ? Can
the urban university do without, and still speaks of a campus, namely an «urban campus
» ? And what about the role of cultural and athletic facilities on campus? Are they
foundational or merely window dressing ?
In order to answer those many questions, we ought to look at the history of universities
in Europe and in the United States. While universities can be traced back to the Middle
Age, and related to religious institutions, campuses as such do not appear before the
18th cy. They develop throughout the 19th cy, and culminate in a diversity of shapes
and functions in the second half of the 20th cy. An international comparison shows that
a campus is not necessarily a vast piece of green land, away from the city. This is only
the American, rural, Jeffersonian model. The German, urban, Humboldtian «counter»-
model is as valid and articulated, and ought to be closely examined, especially now
that the urban/rural distinction is blurred.
      As a case study, we will examine how four French-speaking, Belgian, urban universities
offered in the last third of the 20th cy radically different responses to the pressing
need for more space: the University of Brussels privatized urban streets, the University
of Namur bought big houses all over town, the University of Louvain built a new town in
the countryside and turned it into a new urban university, the University of Liège acquired
a huge natural park outside of the city, and dropped buildings in the woods...
      In all cases, campuses are physical translations of pedagogical philosophies: how
do educators want to transmit knowledge to the next generations ? what is their ideal
students and scholars ? what relationship do they see between the world of knowledge
and the world at large ?
Equiped with such a frame of analysis, we will ultimately try to decipher, as a Western
observer, what are the visions of higher education underlying Chinese campuses.

参考译文

大学校园是什么？多种形态以及高等教育的多种远见：

一个国际比较的视角

      作为《科学》杂志最近刊登的一个议题，世界的都市化或许是21世纪初的一个核心争议。 在很多国家，大学校园是都市发展的一个主要因素。它们应该被认真地探讨。

      大学校园究竟是什么？它只是教学设施么（教师，实验室，图书馆行，政大楼等等）？它们需要存在于一块封闭的土地上么？居住与餐饮设施的角色是什么？谈及大学校园，都市中的大学能否脱离“都市校园”而存在？文化与体育设施在校园中的角色是什么？它们是校园的基础还是仅仅用来装饰门面？

      为了回答此类诸多问题，我们需要回顾大学在欧洲以及美国的历史。 大学可以被追溯到中世纪，并与宗教机构紧密相连。在18世纪之前，大学校园还没有出现。 在整个十九世纪，大学校园取得了长足的发展，并最终以多样化的形式和功能在20世纪后半叶达到了顶峰。通过国际比较，我们可以发现大学校园并不一定就指大片的绿地并远离城市。这只是美国式的，乡村的，杰弗逊式的模型。德国式的，都市的，洪堡式的相反模型也是合理并相关联的，也应该被仔细的验证，尤其是在都市/乡村差异已经模糊的背景下。

      作为个案研究，我们将目光对准了四所讲法语的比利时都市大学，观察它们在20世纪后期面对更多空间需求时截然不同的反应：布鲁塞尔大学占据了都市中的街道，纳米尔大学在全城购买大房子，鲁汶大学在郊外建造了一座新城并将其变为一个新都市大学，列日大学在都市外获得了一块巨大的自然公园，将学校建造于其中......

      在这些案例中，校园体现了教育哲学的实体转变：教育者是如何想将知识传给下一代的？他们心目中理想的学生与学者是怎么样的？在他们眼中，知识界与整个世界的关系是什么？

      在这种分析框架的基础上，作为一个西方的观察者，我们将尝试最终解读中国大学对于高等教育的各种远见。